Cervical cancer prevention: Doctor shares role of pap smears, HPV vaccination in combating disease

Cervical cancer prevention: Doctor shares role of pap smears, HPV vaccination in combating disease

Once a leading cause of death, cervical cancer is now largely preventable. By combining these strategies, we can significantly reduce a woman's risk and empower them to take control of their health. This one-two punch has demonstrably lowered cervical cancer rates, paving the way for a brighter future for women.

While Pap smears and HPV vaccination are key to preventing cervical cancer, other factors also play a role. (Image: Getty)

New Delhi: Cervical cancer remains a pressing public health issue across the globe. In India, cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers among women, with the highest cervical cancer burdens globally. According to the Global Cancer Observatory, the age-standardised incidence rate for cervical cancer in India is about 18 per 100,000 women. Cervical cancer also has a high mortality rate in the country. It is estimated that cervical cancer accounts for nearly 9 per cent of all cancer deaths among women in India.

According to reports, the mortality rate is approximately 10 per 100,000 women. By embracing regular screenings, staying active, and nourishing our bodies, we empower ourselves to lead vibrant lives. Medical advancements have provided us with a powerful defence: Pap smears for early detection and HPV vaccines to prevent infection. These tools empower women to take control of their health, ensuring brighter prospects and a healthier future for all.

Dr Satya Srinivas Appala, Consultant-Medical Oncologist, HCG Cancer Centre Vijayawada told News9, “In our pursuit of well-being, we’ve witnessed remarkable progress as advances in medical science, preventive measures, and lifestyle choices have significantly transformed the health landscape. Once a leading cause of death, cervical cancer is now largely preventable. By combining these strategies, we can significantly reduce a woman’s risk and empower them to take control of their health. This one-two punch has demonstrably lowered cervical cancer rates, paving the way for a brighter future for women.”

Pap Smears: Early Detection Saves Lives

Pap smears are crucial for early detection of cervical cancer. This non-invasive test involves collecting cells from the cervix to check for abnormal changes that could indicate precancerous lesions. “The beauty of Pap smears lies in their ability to identify these abnormalities at an early stage, allowing for timely intervention before cancer has a chance to develop. It is recommended to start Pap smears at age 21, with the screening schedule varying based on age and individual risk factors,” added Dr Srinivas.

HPV Vaccination: Building a Shield Against the Virus

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the primary cause of most cervical cancers. Dr Srinivas said, “With over 200 strains, some HPV types cause mild issues, while high-risk strains can trigger cancerous changes in cervical cells. HPV vaccines, like Gardasil, introduce weakened or inactive virus forms to the immune system, prompting the body to develop antibodies that recognize and fight off future HPV exposure. Gardasil 9 protects against nine HPV strains, including those responsible for most cervical cancers and many genital warts.”

A Winning Combination: Pap Smears and HPV Vaccination

This is where Pap smears are crucial. Regular screening of cervical cancer effectively requires a strategic combination of Pap smears and HPV vaccination. Vaccination provides a proactive shield by preventing infection with high-risk HPV strains, significantly reducing the risk of developing precancerous lesions and cervical cancer.nings ensure early detection of abnormal cell changes. Early detection allows for prompt treatment of precancerous lesions, preventing progression to full-blown cancer. The combined power of Pap smears and HPV vaccination has significantly reduced cervical cancer rates globally. Studies show that this approach greatly decreases the risk of cervical cancer and cancer, saving countless lives and improving women’s health.

Challenges and the Promise of the Future

While Pap smears and HPV vaccination are key to preventing cervical cancer, other factors also play a role. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, practising safe sex, and communicating openly with healthcare providers about concerns or risk factors are vital for a personalised approach to prevention. Despite significant progress, disparities in healthcare access and vaccination programs still exist, leaving some women vulnerable.

Cervical cancer is no longer an inevitable threat. By embracing the powerful duo of Pap smears and HPV vaccination, we can significantly reduce the risk of developing this disease. Early detection and vaccination empower women to take control of their health and live long, healthy lives. Expanding access to these preventive measures and investing in research holds the promise of relegating cervical cancer to the past.